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    <title>Notebooks   </title>
    <link>http://bactra.org/notebooks</link>
    <description>Cosma's Notebooks</description>
    <language>en</language>

  <item>
    <title>Evolution of Complexity</title>
    <link>http://bactra.org/notebooks/2011/08/14#evolution-of-complexity</link>
    <description>
&lt;P&gt;That is, how does &lt;a href=&quot;evolution.html&quot;&gt;biological evolution&lt;/a&gt; affect
the &lt;a href=&quot;complexity.html&quot;&gt;complexity&lt;/a&gt; of organisms?  (Or assemblages of
organisms, like ecologies?)  Obviously, this is difficult to study well without
a widely agreed-upon and biologically-appropriate
&lt;a href=&quot;complexity-measure.html&quot;&gt;complexity measure&lt;/a&gt;...

&lt;P&gt;How different is &quot;the evolution of complexity&quot; from, e.g., &quot;the evolution of
size&quot;?  (Bonner, for one, suggests they are linked.)

&lt;P&gt;See also: &lt;a href=&quot;development-bio.html&quot;&gt;Developmental Biology&lt;/a&gt;

&lt;ul&gt;Recommended:
	&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;j-t-bonner.html&quot;&gt;John Tyler Bonner&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;cite&gt;On the
Evolution of Complexity, by Means of Natural Selection&lt;/cite&gt;
[&lt;A HREF=&quot;../reviews/evolution-of-complexity/&quot;&gt;Review&lt;/A&gt;]
	&lt;li&gt;T. H. Frazzetta, &lt;cite&gt;Complex Adaptations in Evolving
Populations&lt;/cite&gt;
	&lt;li&gt;Carlos Gershenson, Tom Lenaerts, &quot;Evolution of Complexity&quot;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://arxiv.org/abs/0710.3784&quot;&gt;arxiv:0710.3784&lt;/a&gt; [Introduction to the special issue of &lt;citE&gt;Artificial Life&lt;/citE&gt; edited by Carlos and Tom]
	&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.santafe.edu/sfi/People/kauffman/&quot;&gt;Stuart
Kauffman&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;cite&gt;The Origins of Order&lt;/cite&gt; [Interesting, but the writing
is confused.  Favors intrinsic trends towards complexity, self-organization and
&quot;&lt;a href=&quot;edge-of-chaos.html&quot;&gt;the edge of chaos&lt;/a&gt;.&quot;  I am &lt;em&gt;much&lt;/em&gt; more
skeptical of some, but by no means all, of Kauffman's later work.]
	&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cs.bham.ac.uk/~txm/&quot;&gt;Thomas Miconi&lt;/a&gt;, &quot;Complexity and Evolution: The Double-Edged Sword&quot;, &lt;citE&gt;Artificial Life&lt;/citE&gt;
(forthcoming) [&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cs.bham.ac.uk/~txm/complexfinal.pdf&quot;&gt;PDF&lt;/a&gt;]
	&lt;/ul&gt;

&lt;ul&gt;To read:
	&lt;li&gt;Raffaele Calabretta, &quot;Duplication of modules facilitates the
evolution of functional specialization,&quot; &lt;cite&gt;Artificial Life&lt;/cite&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;6&lt;/strong&gt; (2000): 69--84 [&lt;a
href=&quot;http://cogprints.soton.ac.uk/documents/disk0/00/00/12/96/&quot;&gt;online&lt;/a&gt;]
	&lt;li&gt;Max Shpak, Peter Stadler, Gunter Wagner and Lee Altenberg,
&quot;Simon-Ando Decomposability and Fitness Landscapes&quot;, &lt;a
href=&quot;http://arxiv.org/abs/q-bio.PE/0403030&quot;&gt;q-bio.PE/0403030&lt;/a&gt;
	&lt;li&gt;Orkun S. Soyer and Sebastian Bonhoeffer, &quot;Evolution of complexity
in signaling pathways&quot;, &lt;a
href=&quot;http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0604449103&quot;&gt;&lt;cite&gt;Proceedings of the
National Academy of Sciences&lt;/cite&gt; (USA) &lt;strong&gt;103&lt;/strong&gt; (2006):
16337--16342&lt;/a&gt;
	&lt;li&gt;Peter D. Turney, &quot;A Simple Model of Unbounded Evolutionary
Versatility as a Largest-Scale Trend in Organismal Evolution&quot;, &lt;cite&gt;Artificial
Life&lt;/cite&gt; &lt;strong&gt;6&lt;/strong&gt; (2000): 109--128
= &lt;a href=&quot;http://arxiv.org/abs/cs.NE/0212021&quot;&gt;arxiv:cs.NE/0212021&lt;/a&gt; [Thanks
to Dr. Turney for pointing me to this paper]
	&lt;li&gt;Gunter P. Wagner, Jane P. Kenney-Hunt, Mihaela Pavlicev, Joel
R. Peck, David Waxman and James M. Cheverud, &quot;Pleiotropic scaling of gene
effects and the 'cost of complexity'&quot;, &lt;a
href=&quot;http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature06756&quot;&gt;&lt;cite&gt;Nature&lt;/cite&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;452&lt;/strong&gt; (2008): 470--472&lt;/a&gt;
	&lt;/ul&gt;
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